diff --git a/Abstracts/AsyncServer.php b/Abstracts/AsyncServer.php
index abd59d0..5239d57 100644
--- a/Abstracts/AsyncServer.php
+++ b/Abstracts/AsyncServer.php
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ class AsyncServer extends Component implements ServerInterface
 		$settings[Constant::OPTION_DAEMONIZE]         = (bool)$daemon;
 		$settings[Constant::OPTION_ENABLE_REUSE_PORT] = true;
 		$settings[Constant::OPTION_PID_FILE]          = storage('.swoole.pid');
-		if (!isset($settings[Constant::OPTION_PID_FILE])) {
+		if (!isset($settings[Constant::OPTION_LOG_FILE])) {
 			$settings[Constant::OPTION_LOG_FILE] = storage('system.log');
 		}
 		return $settings;
diff --git a/Abstracts/FileWatcher.php b/Abstracts/FileWatcher.php
index e824748..676abc0 100644
--- a/Abstracts/FileWatcher.php
+++ b/Abstracts/FileWatcher.php
@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ use Kiri\Router\Router;
 use Kiri\Server\Events\OnWorkerStart;
 use Kiri\Server\Processes\AbstractProcess;
 use Kiri\Server\Processes\OnProcessInterface;
-use Kiri\Server\ServerInterface;
 use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
 use Swoole\Event;
 use Swoole\Process;
+use const SIGUSR1;
 
 class FileWatcher extends AbstractProcess implements OnProcessInterface
 {
@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ class FileWatcher extends AbstractProcess implements OnProcessInterface
 	private $pollTimer = null;
 	private $debounceTimer = null;
 	private int $debounceMs = 200;
+	private int $minReloadIntervalMs = 1000;
+	private int $lastReloadAtMs = 0;
 
 	private const STRATEGY_INOTIFY = 'inotify';
 	private const STRATEGY_FSWATCH = 'fswatch';
@@ -58,6 +60,8 @@ class FileWatcher extends AbstractProcess implements OnProcessInterface
 
 		di(EventProvider::class)->on(OnWorkerStart::class, [di(Router::class), 'scan_build_route']);
 
+		$this->debounceMs = (int)config('servers.reload.debounce_ms', $this->debounceMs);
+		$this->minReloadIntervalMs = (int)config('servers.reload.min_interval_ms', $this->minReloadIntervalMs);
 		$this->strategy = $this->detectBestStrategy();
 	}
 
@@ -222,7 +226,11 @@ class FileWatcher extends AbstractProcess implements OnProcessInterface
 			\Swoole\Timer::clear($this->debounceTimer);
 		}
 
-		$this->debounceTimer = \Swoole\Timer::after($this->debounceMs, function () use ($changedFiles) {
+		$now = intdiv(hrtime(true), 1000000);
+		$elapsed = $this->lastReloadAtMs > 0 ? $now - $this->lastReloadAtMs : $this->minReloadIntervalMs;
+		$delay = max($this->debounceMs, $this->minReloadIntervalMs - $elapsed);
+
+		$this->debounceTimer = \Swoole\Timer::after($delay, function () use ($changedFiles) {
 			$this->debounceTimer = null;
 			$this->reload($changedFiles);
 		});
@@ -237,6 +245,7 @@ class FileWatcher extends AbstractProcess implements OnProcessInterface
 		$this->reloading = true;
 
 		try {
+			$this->lastReloadAtMs = intdiv(hrtime(true), 1000000);
 			$preview = implode(', ', array_slice($changedFiles, 0, 3));
 			if (count($changedFiles) > 3) {
 				$preview .= ' ...';
@@ -255,9 +264,6 @@ class FileWatcher extends AbstractProcess implements OnProcessInterface
 
 	private function reloadWorkers(): bool
 	{
-		$server = \Kiri::getDi()->get(ServerInterface::class);
-		return $server->reload();
-
 		$pid = $this->getMasterPid();
 		if ($pid === null) {
 			return false;
@@ -268,17 +274,92 @@ class FileWatcher extends AbstractProcess implements OnProcessInterface
 
 	private function getMasterPid(): ?int
 	{
+		$processes = $this->listProcesses();
+		$candidates = [];
+
 		$pidFile = function_exists('storage') ? storage('.swoole.pid') : '';
-		if (!is_file($pidFile)) {
-			return null;
+		if (is_file($pidFile)) {
+			$candidates[] = (int)trim((string)file_get_contents($pidFile));
 		}
 
-		$pid = (int)trim((string)file_get_contents($pidFile));
-		if ($pid <= 1 || !Process::kill($pid, 0)) {
-			return null;
+		foreach ($processes as $process) {
+			if ($this->isMasterProcessCommand($process['command'])) {
+				$candidates[] = (int)$process['pid'];
+			}
 		}
 
-		return $pid;
+		foreach (array_values(array_unique(array_filter($candidates))) as $pid) {
+			if ($this->isProcessAlive($pid) && $this->isMasterPid($pid, $processes)) {
+				return $pid;
+			}
+		}
+
+		return null;
+	}
+
+	private function isMasterPid(int $pid, array $processes): bool
+	{
+		foreach ($processes as $process) {
+			if ((int)$process['pid'] === $pid) {
+				return $this->isMasterProcessCommand($process['command']) && $this->isSameAppProcess($pid);
+			}
+		}
+
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	private function isMasterProcessCommand(string $command): bool
+	{
+		$prefix = '[' . config('site.id', 'system-service') . '].Master[';
+		return str_contains($command, $prefix);
+	}
+
+	private function isSameAppProcess(int $pid): bool
+	{
+		$cwd = @readlink('/proc/' . $pid . '/cwd');
+		if ($cwd === false || $cwd === '') {
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		return $this->normalizePath($cwd) === $this->normalizePath(APP_PATH);
+	}
+
+	private function normalizePath(string $path): string
+	{
+		$real = realpath($path) ?: $path;
+		return rtrim(str_replace('\\', '/', $real), '/');
+	}
+
+	private function listProcesses(): array
+	{
+		$lines = [];
+		exec('ps -eo pid=,ppid=,args=', $lines);
+
+		$processes = [];
+		foreach ($lines as $line) {
+			$line = trim($line);
+			if ($line === '') {
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			$parts = preg_split('/\s+/', $line, 3);
+			if (count($parts) < 3) {
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			$processes[] = [
+				'pid' => (int)$parts[0],
+				'ppid' => (int)$parts[1],
+				'command' => $parts[2],
+			];
+		}
+
+		return $processes;
+	}
+
+	private function isProcessAlive(int $pid): bool
+	{
+		return $pid > 1 && @Process::kill($pid, 0);
 	}
 	private function startInotify(): void
 	{
diff --git a/Abstracts/HotReload.php b/Abstracts/HotReload.php
index 8590ab2..aa4249e 100644
--- a/Abstracts/HotReload.php
+++ b/Abstracts/HotReload.php
@@ -139,17 +139,92 @@ class HotReload extends AbstractProcess
 
     private function getMasterPid(): ?int
     {
+        $processes = $this->listProcesses();
+        $candidates = [];
+
         $pidFile = function_exists('storage') ? storage('.swoole.pid') : '';
-        if (!is_file($pidFile)) {
-            return null;
+        if (is_file($pidFile)) {
+            $candidates[] = (int)trim((string)file_get_contents($pidFile));
         }
 
-        $pid = (int)trim((string)file_get_contents($pidFile));
-        if ($pid <= 1 || !Process::kill($pid, 0)) {
-            return null;
+        foreach ($processes as $process) {
+            if ($this->isMasterProcessCommand($process['command'])) {
+                $candidates[] = (int)$process['pid'];
+            }
         }
 
-        return $pid;
+        foreach (array_values(array_unique(array_filter($candidates))) as $pid) {
+            if ($this->isProcessAlive($pid) && $this->isMasterPid($pid, $processes)) {
+                return $pid;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private function isMasterPid(int $pid, array $processes): bool
+    {
+        foreach ($processes as $process) {
+            if ((int)$process['pid'] === $pid) {
+                return $this->isMasterProcessCommand($process['command']) && $this->isSameAppProcess($pid);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private function isMasterProcessCommand(string $command): bool
+    {
+        $prefix = '[' . config('site.id', 'system-service') . '].Master[';
+        return str_contains($command, $prefix);
+    }
+
+    private function isSameAppProcess(int $pid): bool
+    {
+        $cwd = @readlink('/proc/' . $pid . '/cwd');
+        if ($cwd === false || $cwd === '') {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return $this->normalizePath($cwd) === $this->normalizePath(APP_PATH);
+    }
+
+    private function normalizePath(string $path): string
+    {
+        $real = realpath($path) ?: $path;
+        return rtrim(str_replace('\\', '/', $real), '/');
+    }
+
+    private function listProcesses(): array
+    {
+        $lines = [];
+        exec('ps -eo pid=,ppid=,args=', $lines);
+
+        $processes = [];
+        foreach ($lines as $line) {
+            $line = trim($line);
+            if ($line === '') {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            $parts = preg_split('/\s+/', $line, 3);
+            if (count($parts) < 3) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            $processes[] = [
+                'pid' => (int)$parts[0],
+                'ppid' => (int)$parts[1],
+                'command' => $parts[2],
+            ];
+        }
+
+        return $processes;
+    }
+
+    private function isProcessAlive(int $pid): bool
+    {
+        return $pid > 1 && @Process::kill($pid, 0);
     }
     protected function addListen(): void
     {
diff --git a/State.php b/State.php
index 93ce976..c9ccd54 100644
--- a/State.php
+++ b/State.php
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ class State extends Component
         }
 
         $pid = (int)trim((string)file_get_contents($pidFile));
-        if ($pid <= 1 || !$this->isProcessAlive($pid)) {
+        if ($pid <= 1 || !$this->isProcessAlive($pid) || !$this->isSameAppProcess($pid)) {
             return null;
         }
 
@@ -168,6 +168,9 @@ class State extends Component
             if (!preg_match('/\\]\\..+\\[[0-9]+\\]/', $command)) {
                 continue;
             }
+            if (!$this->isSameAppProcess((int)$process['pid'])) {
+                continue;
+            }
             $pids[] = (int)$process['pid'];
         }
 
@@ -203,6 +206,22 @@ class State extends Component
     }
 
 
+    private function isSameAppProcess(int $pid): bool
+    {
+        $cwd = @readlink('/proc/' . $pid . '/cwd');
+        if ($cwd === false || $cwd === '') {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return $this->normalizePath($cwd) === $this->normalizePath(APP_PATH);
+    }
+
+    private function normalizePath(string $path): string
+    {
+        $real = realpath($path) ?: $path;
+        return rtrim(str_replace('\\', '/', $real), '/');
+    }
+
     private function isProcessAlive(int $pid): bool
     {
         return $pid > 1 && @Process::kill($pid, 0);