diff --git a/ChangeSet.php b/ChangeSet.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f53830f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ChangeSet.php
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Kiri\Di;
+
+class ChangeSet
+{
+	private array $changedFiles = [];
+
+	private array $removedFiles = [];
+
+	private array $changedClasses = [];
+
+	private array $removedClasses = [];
+
+	public function addChangedFile(string $file): void
+	{
+		$this->changedFiles[$file] = true;
+	}
+
+	public function addRemovedFile(string $file): void
+	{
+		$this->removedFiles[$file] = true;
+	}
+
+	public function addChangedClass(string $class): void
+	{
+		$this->changedClasses[$class] = true;
+	}
+
+	public function addRemovedClass(string $class): void
+	{
+		$this->removedClasses[$class] = true;
+	}
+
+	public function merge(ChangeSet $changeSet): self
+	{
+		foreach ($changeSet->getChangedFiles() as $file) {
+			$this->addChangedFile($file);
+		}
+
+		foreach ($changeSet->getRemovedFiles() as $file) {
+			$this->addRemovedFile($file);
+		}
+
+		foreach ($changeSet->getChangedClasses() as $class) {
+			$this->addChangedClass($class);
+		}
+
+		foreach ($changeSet->getRemovedClasses() as $class) {
+			$this->addRemovedClass($class);
+		}
+
+		return $this;
+	}
+
+	public function getChangedFiles(): array
+	{
+		return array_keys($this->changedFiles);
+	}
+
+	public function getRemovedFiles(): array
+	{
+		return array_keys($this->removedFiles);
+	}
+
+	public function getChangedClasses(): array
+	{
+		return array_keys($this->changedClasses);
+	}
+
+	public function getRemovedClasses(): array
+	{
+		return array_keys($this->removedClasses);
+	}
+
+	public function hasChanges(): bool
+	{
+		return $this->changedFiles !== []
+			|| $this->removedFiles !== []
+			|| $this->changedClasses !== []
+			|| $this->removedClasses !== [];
+	}
+
+	public function toArray(): array
+	{
+		return [
+			'changed_files' => $this->getChangedFiles(),
+			'removed_files' => $this->getRemovedFiles(),
+			'changed_classes' => $this->getChangedClasses(),
+			'removed_classes' => $this->getRemovedClasses(),
+		];
+	}
+}
diff --git a/Container.php b/Container.php
index 02310f1..f336c1e 100644
--- a/Container.php
+++ b/Container.php
@@ -153,6 +153,60 @@ class Container implements ContainerInterface
     }
 
 
+    public function forgetReflection(string $className): void
+    {
+        unset($this->_reflection[$className]);
+    }
+
+
+    public function forgetMethodParams(string $className, ?string $method = null): void
+    {
+        if (!isset($this->_parameters[$className])) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if ($method === null) {
+            unset($this->_parameters[$className]);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        unset($this->_parameters[$className][$method]);
+        if ($this->_parameters[$className] === []) {
+            unset($this->_parameters[$className]);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public function forgetClass(string $className): void
+    {
+        unset($this->_singletons[$className]);
+        $this->forgetReflection($className);
+        $this->forgetMethodParams($className);
+    }
+
+
+    public function forgetNamespace(string $prefix): void
+    {
+        foreach (array_keys($this->_singletons) as $className) {
+            if ($className !== ContainerInterface::class && str_starts_with($className, $prefix)) {
+                unset($this->_singletons[$className]);
+            }
+        }
+
+        foreach (array_keys($this->_reflection) as $className) {
+            if (str_starts_with($className, $prefix)) {
+                unset($this->_reflection[$className]);
+            }
+        }
+
+        foreach (array_keys($this->_parameters) as $className) {
+            if (str_starts_with($className, $prefix)) {
+                unset($this->_parameters[$className]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
     /**
      * @param string $className
      * @param array $construct
diff --git a/HotReloadState.php b/HotReloadState.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3468434
--- /dev/null
+++ b/HotReloadState.php
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Kiri\Di;
+
+class HotReloadState
+{
+	private const MAX_AGE_SECONDS = 30;
+
+	public function store(array $changedFiles): void
+	{
+		$payload = [
+			'timestamp' => time(),
+			'changed_files' => array_values(array_unique(array_map([$this, 'normalizePath'], array_filter($changedFiles)))),
+		];
+
+		$directory = dirname($this->getFilePath());
+		if (!is_dir($directory)) {
+			mkdir($directory, 0755, true);
+		}
+
+		file_put_contents($this->getFilePath(), json_encode($payload, JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE | JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES));
+	}
+
+	public function consume(): array
+	{
+		return $this->peek();
+	}
+
+	public function peek(): array
+	{
+		$file = $this->getFilePath();
+		if (!file_exists($file)) {
+			return [];
+		}
+
+		$data = json_decode((string)file_get_contents($file), true);
+		if (!is_array($data)) {
+			return [];
+		}
+
+		$timestamp = (int)($data['timestamp'] ?? 0);
+		if ($timestamp < 1 || (time() - $timestamp) > self::MAX_AGE_SECONDS) {
+			return [];
+		}
+
+		$files = is_array($data['changed_files'] ?? null) ? $data['changed_files'] : [];
+		return array_values(array_unique(array_map([$this, 'normalizePath'], $files)));
+	}
+
+	private function getFilePath(): string
+	{
+		$basePath = $this->normalizePath($_SERVER['PWD'] ?? APP_PATH ?? getcwd());
+		$runtimePath = defined('APP_PATH')
+			? rtrim(str_replace('\\', '/', APP_PATH), '/') . '/storage/.kiri-hot-reload/'
+			: sys_get_temp_dir() . '/kiri-hot-reload/';
+
+		return $runtimePath . md5($basePath) . '.json';
+	}
+
+	private function normalizePath(string $path): string
+	{
+		$resolved = realpath($path) ?: $path;
+		return str_replace('\\', '/', $resolved);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/ScanManifest.php b/ScanManifest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eda1b77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ScanManifest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Kiri\Di;
+
+class ScanManifest
+{
+	private array $entries = [];
+
+	public function set(string $path, int $mtime, array $classes): void
+	{
+		$this->entries[$path] = [
+			'mtime' => $mtime,
+			'classes' => array_values(array_unique($classes)),
+		];
+	}
+
+	public function has(string $path): bool
+	{
+		return isset($this->entries[$path]);
+	}
+
+	public function getMtime(string $path): ?int
+	{
+		return $this->entries[$path]['mtime'] ?? null;
+	}
+
+	public function getClasses(string $path): array
+	{
+		return $this->entries[$path]['classes'] ?? [];
+	}
+
+	public function remove(string $path): array
+	{
+		$classes = $this->getClasses($path);
+		unset($this->entries[$path]);
+		return $classes;
+	}
+
+	public function all(): array
+	{
+		return $this->entries;
+	}
+
+	public function paths(?string $prefix = null): array
+	{
+		if ($prefix === null) {
+			return array_keys($this->entries);
+		}
+
+		return array_values(array_filter(array_keys($this->entries), fn(string $path) => str_starts_with($path, $prefix)));
+	}
+
+	public function fromArray(array $entries): void
+	{
+		$this->entries = [];
+		foreach ($entries as $path => $entry) {
+			$mtime = (int)($entry['mtime'] ?? 0);
+			$classes = is_array($entry['classes'] ?? null) ? $entry['classes'] : [];
+			$this->set($path, $mtime, $classes);
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/Scanner.php b/Scanner.php
index 81dab53..513ac31 100644
--- a/Scanner.php
+++ b/Scanner.php
@@ -4,13 +4,13 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
 
 namespace Kiri\Di;
 
-use Kiri\Di\Inject\Container;
+use DirectoryIterator;
 use Kiri\Abstracts\Component;
+use Kiri\Di\Inject\Container;
 use Kiri\Di\Inject\Skip;
 use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
 use ReflectionClass;
 use ReflectionMethod;
-use DirectoryIterator;
 use Throwable;
 
 class Scanner extends Component
@@ -20,25 +20,34 @@ class Scanner extends Component
 
 	public array $files = [];
 
-	private array  $fileMtimes = [];
-	private ?bool  $hasOpcache = null;
+	private array $fileMtimes = [];
+
+	private ?bool $hasOpcache = null;
+
 	private string $basePath;
 
+	private ScanManifest $manifest;
+
+	private ?ChangeSet $changeSet = null;
+
+	private array $visitedFiles = [];
+
 	private array $config = [
-		'skip_patterns'       => ['/vendor/', '/tests/', '/cache/', '/node_modules/'],
-		'skip_directories'    => [],
-		'extensions'          => ['php'],
-		'max_depth'           => 20,
-		'follow_links'        => false,
-		'cache_enabled'       => false,
-		'cache_ttl'           => 3600,
-		'debug'               => false,
-		'class_name_strategy' => 'auto', // 'auto', 'extract', 'rename', or 'both'
+		'skip_patterns' => ['/vendor/', '/tests/', '/cache/', '/node_modules/'],
+		'skip_directories' => [],
+		'extensions' => ['php'],
+		'max_depth' => 20,
+		'follow_links' => false,
+		'cache_enabled' => false,
+		'cache_ttl' => 3600,
+		'debug' => false,
+		'class_name_strategy' => 'auto',
 	];
 
 	public function __construct()
 	{
-		$this->basePath = $_SERVER['PWD'] ?? APP_PATH ?? getcwd();
+		$this->basePath = $this->normalizePath($_SERVER['PWD'] ?? APP_PATH ?? getcwd());
+		$this->manifest = new ScanManifest();
 	}
 
 	public function setConfig(array $config): void
@@ -46,21 +55,70 @@ class Scanner extends Component
 		$this->config = array_merge($this->config, $config);
 	}
 
-	public function scan(string $path, ?string $cacheFile = null): void
+	public function scan(string $path, ?string $cacheFile = null): ChangeSet
 	{
+		$path = $this->normalizePath($path);
+		$this->changeSet = new ChangeSet();
+		$this->visitedFiles = [];
+		$cacheLoaded = false;
+
 		if ($this->config['cache_enabled']) {
 			$cacheFile = $cacheFile ?? $this->getDefaultCacheFile();
 			if ($this->loadFromCache($cacheFile, $path)) {
-				$this->processCachedFiles();
-				return;
+				$this->replayManifest($path);
+				return $this->changeSet;
 			}
+			$cacheLoaded = $this->manifest->all() !== [];
 		}
 
 		$this->scanDirectory($path);
+		$this->detectRemovedFiles($path);
+
+		if ($cacheLoaded) {
+			$this->replayManifest($path, $this->changeSet->getChangedFiles());
+		}
+
+		$this->syncLegacyState();
 
 		if ($this->config['cache_enabled']) {
 			$this->saveToCache($cacheFile);
 		}
+
+		return $this->changeSet;
+	}
+
+	public function scanFiles(array $files, ?string $scopePath = null, ?string $cacheFile = null): ChangeSet
+	{
+		$this->changeSet = new ChangeSet();
+		$this->visitedFiles = [];
+		$cacheLoaded = false;
+
+		if ($scopePath !== null) {
+			$scopePath = $this->normalizePath($scopePath);
+		}
+
+		if ($this->config['cache_enabled'] && $scopePath !== null) {
+			$cacheFile = $cacheFile ?? $this->getDefaultCacheFile();
+			$this->loadFromCache($cacheFile, $scopePath);
+			$cacheLoaded = $this->manifest->all() !== [];
+		}
+
+		foreach (array_values(array_unique($files)) as $file) {
+			$path = $this->normalizePath($file);
+			if (file_exists($path)) {
+				$this->processFile($path);
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			$this->markRemovedFile($path);
+		}
+
+		if ($cacheLoaded && $scopePath !== null) {
+			$this->replayManifest($scopePath, $this->changeSet->getChangedFiles());
+		}
+
+		$this->syncLegacyState();
+		return $this->changeSet;
 	}
 
 	private function scanDirectory(string $path, int $depth = 0): void
@@ -81,8 +139,7 @@ class Scanner extends Component
 				continue;
 			}
 
-			$realPath = $item->getRealPath();
-
+			$realPath = $this->normalizePath($item->getRealPath() ?: $item->getPathname());
 			if ($item->isDir()) {
 				if ($this->shouldSkipDirectory($realPath)) {
 					continue;
@@ -93,7 +150,10 @@ class Scanner extends Component
 				}
 
 				$this->scanDirectory($realPath, $depth + 1);
-			} elseif ($item->isFile()) {
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			if ($item->isFile()) {
 				$this->processFile($realPath);
 			}
 		}
@@ -106,14 +166,13 @@ class Scanner extends Component
 
 	private function shouldSkipDirectory(string $path): bool
 	{
-		$path = rtrim($path, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR) . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;
-
+		$path = rtrim($this->normalizePath($path), '/') . '/';
 		$skipDirs = array_merge(
 			$this->config['skip_directories'],
 			config('site.scanner.skip', [])
 		);
 
-		if (in_array($path, $skipDirs)) {
+		if (in_array($path, $skipDirs, true)) {
 			return true;
 		}
 
@@ -128,25 +187,34 @@ class Scanner extends Component
 
 	private function processFile(string $path): void
 	{
-		if (!in_array(pathinfo($path, PATHINFO_EXTENSION), $this->config['extensions'])) {
-			return;
-		}
-
-		if (in_array($path, $this->files)) {
+		$path = $this->normalizePath($path);
+		if (!in_array(pathinfo($path, PATHINFO_EXTENSION), $this->config['extensions'], true)) {
 			return;
 		}
 
+		$this->visitedFiles[$path] = true;
 		if (!$this->shouldProcessFile($path)) {
 			return;
 		}
 
-		$this->files[] = $path;
-
 		try {
-			$this->loadAndParseFile($path);
+			$oldClasses = $this->manifest->getClasses($path);
+			$this->invalidateClasses($oldClasses);
+			$newClasses = $this->loadAndParseFile($path);
+
+			$this->manifest->set($path, (int)filemtime($path), $newClasses);
+			$this->changeSet?->addChangedFile($path);
+
+			foreach (array_diff($oldClasses, $newClasses) as $class) {
+				$this->changeSet?->addRemovedClass($class);
+			}
+
+			foreach ($newClasses as $class) {
+				$this->changeSet?->addChangedClass($class);
+			}
 		} catch (Throwable $e) {
 			$this->logError($e, [
-				'file'   => $path,
+				'file' => $path,
 				'action' => 'process_file',
 			]);
 
@@ -162,55 +230,51 @@ class Scanner extends Component
 			return false;
 		}
 
-		$mtime = filemtime($path);
+		$mtime = (int)filemtime($path);
+		$cachedMtime = $this->manifest->getMtime($path);
 
-		if (!isset($this->fileMtimes[$path]) || $this->fileMtimes[$path] < $mtime) {
-			$this->fileMtimes[$path] = $mtime;
-			return true;
-		}
-
-		return false;
+		return $cachedMtime === null || $cachedMtime < $mtime;
 	}
 
-	private function loadAndParseFile(string $path): void
+	private function loadAndParseFile(string $path): array
 	{
 		$this->optimizeWithOpcache($path);
-
 		require_once $path;
 
-		// 尝试获取类名
-		$class = $this->getClassNameFromPath($path);
-		if ($class && class_exists($class)) {
-			$this->analyzeClass($class);
+		$classes = $this->getClassNamesForFile($path);
+		foreach ($classes as $class) {
+			if (class_exists($class)) {
+				$this->analyzeClass($class);
+			}
 		}
+
+		return $classes;
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * 从文件路径获取类名（支持多种策略）
-	 */
-	private function getClassNameFromPath(string $path): ?string
+	private function getClassNamesForFile(string $path): array
 	{
 		$strategy = $this->config['class_name_strategy'];
+		$classes = [];
 
-		// 移除基础路径前缀，类似原代码逻辑
-		$relativePath = str_replace($this->basePath, '', $path);
-		$relativePath = str_replace('.php', '', $relativePath);
+		if (in_array($strategy, ['auto', 'extract', 'both'], true)) {
+			$class = $this->extractClassNameFromFile($path);
+			if ($class !== null) {
+				$classes[] = $class;
+			}
+		}
 
-		return $this->renamePathToClassName($relativePath);
+		if ($classes === [] || in_array($strategy, ['rename', 'both'], true)) {
+			$classes[] = $this->renamePathToClassName($path);
+		}
+
+		return array_values(array_unique(array_filter($classes)));
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * 检查是否可以安全地从文件内容提取类名
-	 */
 	private function canExtractClassName(): bool
 	{
-		// 如果有tokenizer扩展，优先使用它
 		return function_exists('token_get_all');
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * 从文件内容提取类名（原代码没有的功能）
-	 */
 	private function extractClassNameFromFile(string $path): ?string
 	{
 		if (!$this->canExtractClassName()) {
@@ -218,7 +282,7 @@ class Scanner extends Component
 		}
 
 		$content = @file_get_contents($path);
-		if (!$content) {
+		if ($content === false || $content === '') {
 			return null;
 		}
 
@@ -227,64 +291,59 @@ class Scanner extends Component
 			return null;
 		}
 
-		$namespace           = '';
-		$class               = '';
+		$namespace = '';
+		$class = '';
 		$collectingNamespace = false;
-		$collectingClass     = false;
+		$collectingClass = false;
+		$previousToken = null;
 
-		var_dump($tokens[1]);
 		foreach ($tokens as $token) {
 			if (is_array($token)) {
+				$text = $token[1];
+
 				if ($token[0] === T_NAMESPACE) {
-					$namespace           = '';
+					$namespace = '';
 					$collectingNamespace = true;
-				} elseif ($collectingNamespace && $token[0] === T_STRING) {
-					$namespace .= $token[1];
-				} elseif ($collectingNamespace && $token[0] === T_NS_SEPARATOR) {
-					$namespace .= '\\';
+				} elseif ($collectingNamespace && in_array($token[0], [T_STRING, T_NAME_QUALIFIED, T_NS_SEPARATOR], true)) {
+					$namespace .= $text;
 				} elseif ($collectingNamespace && $token[0] === T_WHITESPACE) {
-					continue;
-				} elseif ($token[0] === T_CLASS) {
+				} elseif (in_array($token[0], [T_CLASS, T_INTERFACE, T_TRAIT, T_ENUM], true) && $previousToken !== T_DOUBLE_COLON && $previousToken !== T_NEW) {
 					$collectingClass = true;
 				} elseif ($collectingClass && $token[0] === T_STRING) {
-					$class = $token[1];
+					$class = $text;
 					break;
 				} elseif ($collectingNamespace) {
 					$collectingNamespace = false;
 				}
-			} else {
-				if ($collectingNamespace && ($token === ';' || $token === '{')) {
-					$collectingNamespace = false;
-				}
-				if ($token === '{') {
-					$collectingClass = false;
+
+				if ($token[0] !== T_WHITESPACE) {
+					$previousToken = $token[0];
 				}
+				continue;
 			}
+
+			if ($collectingNamespace && ($token === ';' || $token === '{')) {
+				$collectingNamespace = false;
+			}
+			if ($token === '{') {
+				$collectingClass = false;
+			}
+			$previousToken = $token;
 		}
 
-		if (!$class) {
+		if ($class === '') {
 			return null;
 		}
 
-		return $namespace ? $namespace . '\\' . $class : $class;
+		return $namespace !== '' ? $namespace . '\\' . $class : $class;
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * 将路径重命名为类名（原代码的逻辑）
-	 */
 	private function renamePathToClassName(string $path): string
 	{
-		// 清理路径，移除开头和结尾的斜杠
-		$path = trim($path, '/\\');
-
-		// 分割路径部分
-		$parts = explode('/', str_replace('\\', '/', $path));
-
-		// 过滤空值并对每个部分应用ucfirst
-		$parts = array_filter($parts, function ($part) {
-			return !empty($part);
-		});
-
+		$relativePath = str_replace($this->basePath, '', $this->normalizePath($path));
+		$relativePath = str_replace('.php', '', $relativePath);
+		$parts = explode('/', trim($relativePath, '/\\'));
+		$parts = array_values(array_filter($parts, fn(string $part) => $part !== ''));
 		$parts = array_map('ucfirst', $parts);
 
 		return implode('\\', $parts);
@@ -293,21 +352,22 @@ class Scanner extends Component
 	private function optimizeWithOpcache(string $path): void
 	{
 		if ($this->hasOpcache === null) {
-			$this->hasOpcache = function_exists('opcache_invalidate')
-								&& function_exists('opcache_compile_file');
+			$this->hasOpcache = function_exists('opcache_invalidate') && function_exists('opcache_compile_file');
 		}
 
-		if ($this->hasOpcache) {
-			try {
-				opcache_invalidate($path, true);
-				opcache_compile_file($path);
-			} catch (Throwable $e) {
-				if ($this->config['debug']) {
-					$this->logError($e, [
-						'file'   => $path,
-						'action' => 'opcache_optimize',
-					]);
-				}
+		if (!$this->hasOpcache) {
+			return;
+		}
+
+		try {
+			opcache_invalidate($path, true);
+			opcache_compile_file($path);
+		} catch (Throwable $e) {
+			if ($this->config['debug']) {
+				$this->logError($e, [
+					'file' => $path,
+					'action' => 'opcache_optimize',
+				]);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -316,11 +376,7 @@ class Scanner extends Component
 	{
 		try {
 			$reflect = $this->container->getReflectionClass($class);
-
-			if (!$reflect->isInstantiable() ||
-				$reflect->isTrait() ||
-				$reflect->isEnum() ||
-				$reflect->isInterface()) {
+			if (!$reflect->isInstantiable() || $reflect->isTrait() || $reflect->isEnum() || $reflect->isInterface()) {
 				return;
 			}
 
@@ -329,10 +385,9 @@ class Scanner extends Component
 			}
 
 			$this->analyzeClassMethods($reflect, $class);
-
 		} catch (Throwable $e) {
 			$this->logError($e, [
-				'class'  => $class,
+				'class' => $class,
 				'action' => 'analyze_class',
 			]);
 		}
@@ -340,13 +395,10 @@ class Scanner extends Component
 
 	private function shouldSkipClass(ReflectionClass $reflect): bool
 	{
-		$attributes = array_map(
-			fn($attr) => $attr->getName(),
-			$reflect->getAttributes()
-		);
+		$attributes = array_map(fn($attr) => $attr->getName(), $reflect->getAttributes());
 
-		return in_array(Skip::class, $attributes, true) ||
-			   in_array(\Attribute::class, $attributes, true);
+		return in_array(Skip::class, $attributes, true)
+			|| in_array(\Attribute::class, $attributes, true);
 	}
 
 	private function analyzeClassMethods(ReflectionClass $reflect, string $class): void
@@ -364,23 +416,21 @@ class Scanner extends Component
 	{
 		foreach ($method->getAttributes() as $attribute) {
 			$attributeName = $attribute->getName();
-
 			if (!class_exists($attributeName)) {
 				continue;
 			}
 
 			try {
 				$instance = $attribute->newInstance();
-
 				if (method_exists($instance, 'dispatch')) {
 					$instance->dispatch($class, $method->getName());
 				}
 			} catch (Throwable $e) {
 				$this->logError($e, [
-					'class'     => $class,
-					'method'    => $method->getName(),
+					'class' => $class,
+					'method' => $method->getName(),
 					'attribute' => $attributeName,
-					'action'    => 'process_attribute',
+					'action' => 'process_attribute',
 				]);
 			}
 		}
@@ -388,7 +438,9 @@ class Scanner extends Component
 
 	private function getDefaultCacheFile(): string
 	{
-		$cacheDir = sys_get_temp_dir() . '/kiri-scanner-cache/';
+		$cacheDir = defined('APP_PATH')
+			? rtrim(str_replace('\\', '/', APP_PATH), '/') . '/storage/.kiri-scanner-cache/'
+			: sys_get_temp_dir() . '/kiri-scanner-cache/';
 		if (!is_dir($cacheDir)) {
 			mkdir($cacheDir, 0755, true);
 		}
@@ -407,33 +459,34 @@ class Scanner extends Component
 			return false;
 		}
 
-		if ($this->hasDirectoryChanged($path, $cacheFile)) {
-			return false;
-		}
-
 		$data = json_decode(file_get_contents($cacheFile), true);
-		if (!is_array($data) || !isset($data['files'], $data['mtimes'])) {
+		if (!is_array($data) || !isset($data['manifest'])) {
 			return false;
 		}
 
-		$this->files      = $data['files'];
-		$this->fileMtimes = $data['mtimes'];
+		$this->manifest->fromArray($data['manifest']);
+		$this->syncLegacyState();
 
-		return true;
+		return !$this->hasDirectoryChanged($path);
 	}
 
-	private function hasDirectoryChanged(string $path, string $cacheFile): bool
+	private function hasDirectoryChanged(string $path): bool
 	{
-		$cacheMtime = filemtime($cacheFile);
+		$currentFiles = $this->collectFiles($path);
+		$cachedFiles = $this->manifest->paths(rtrim($path, '/\\') . '/');
 
-		$dirIterator = new DirectoryIterator($path);
-		foreach ($dirIterator as $item) {
-			if ($item->isDot()) {
-				continue;
+		sort($currentFiles);
+		sort($cachedFiles);
+		if ($currentFiles !== $cachedFiles) {
+			return true;
+		}
+
+		foreach ($currentFiles as $file) {
+			if (!file_exists($file)) {
+				return true;
 			}
 
-			$itemPath = $item->getRealPath();
-			if (filemtime($itemPath) > $cacheMtime) {
+			if ($this->manifest->getMtime($file) !== (int)filemtime($file)) {
 				return true;
 			}
 		}
@@ -444,21 +497,19 @@ class Scanner extends Component
 	private function saveToCache(string $cacheFile): void
 	{
 		$data = [
-			'files'     => $this->files,
-			'mtimes'    => $this->fileMtimes,
+			'manifest' => $this->manifest->all(),
 			'timestamp' => time(),
-			'version'   => '1.1',
+			'version' => '2.0',
 		];
 
 		file_put_contents($cacheFile, json_encode($data, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT));
-
 		$this->cleanupOldCacheFiles(dirname($cacheFile));
 	}
 
 	private function cleanupOldCacheFiles(string $cacheDir): void
 	{
 		$files = glob($cacheDir . '/scanner_*.json');
-		$now   = time();
+		$now = time();
 
 		foreach ($files as $file) {
 			if (filemtime($file) + (7 * 24 * 3600) < $now) {
@@ -467,24 +518,15 @@ class Scanner extends Component
 		}
 	}
 
-	private function processCachedFiles(): void
-	{
-		foreach ($this->files as $file) {
-			if ($this->shouldProcessFile($file)) {
-				$this->loadAndParseFile($file);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
 	private function logError(Throwable $e, array $context = []): void
 	{
 		$fullContext = array_merge($context, [
 			'message' => $e->getMessage(),
-			'code'    => $e->getCode(),
-			'file'    => $e->getFile(),
-			'line'    => $e->getLine(),
-			'trace'   => $e->getTraceAsString(),
-			'time'    => date('Y-m-d H:i:s'),
+			'code' => $e->getCode(),
+			'file' => $e->getFile(),
+			'line' => $e->getLine(),
+			'trace' => $e->getTraceAsString(),
+			'time' => date('Y-m-d H:i:s'),
 		]);
 
 		if (function_exists('error')) {
@@ -495,58 +537,153 @@ class Scanner extends Component
 
 		if ($this->config['debug'] && php_sapi_name() === 'cli') {
 			echo "Scanner Error: {$e->getMessage()} in {$e->getFile()}:{$e->getLine()}\n";
-			if (!empty($context)) {
+			if ($context !== []) {
 				echo 'Context: ' . json_encode($context) . "\n";
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * 原代码的load_directory方法（保持兼容性）
-	 */
 	public function load_directory(string $path): void
 	{
 		$this->scan($path);
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * 原代码的parseFile方法（保持兼容性）
-	 */
 	protected function parseFile($file): void
 	{
-		// 这里$file是相对路径，需要转换为绝对路径
-		$absolutePath = $this->basePath . ltrim($file, '/') . '.php';
-
+		$absolutePath = $this->normalizePath($this->basePath . '/' . ltrim((string)$file, '/')) . '.php';
 		if (file_exists($absolutePath)) {
 			$this->processFile($absolutePath);
 		}
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * 原代码的skipNames方法（保持兼容性）
-	 */
 	protected function skipNames(ReflectionClass $reflect): array
 	{
-		return array_map(
-			fn($attr) => $attr->getName(),
-			$reflect->getAttributes()
-		);
+		return array_map(fn($attr) => $attr->getName(), $reflect->getAttributes());
 	}
 
 	public function getStats(): array
 	{
 		return [
-			'total_files'   => count($this->files),
+			'total_files' => count($this->files),
 			'cached_mtimes' => count($this->fileMtimes),
-			'base_path'     => $this->basePath,
-			'config'        => $this->config,
+			'base_path' => $this->basePath,
+			'config' => $this->config,
+			'manifest_entries' => count($this->manifest->all()),
 		];
 	}
 
 	public function reset(): void
 	{
-		$this->files      = [];
+		$this->files = [];
 		$this->fileMtimes = [];
 		$this->hasOpcache = null;
+		$this->manifest = new ScanManifest();
+		$this->changeSet = null;
+		$this->visitedFiles = [];
+	}
+
+	private function detectRemovedFiles(string $path): void
+	{
+		$prefix = rtrim($path, '/\\') . '/';
+		foreach ($this->manifest->paths($prefix) as $file) {
+			if (!isset($this->visitedFiles[$file])) {
+				$this->markRemovedFile($file);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	private function markRemovedFile(string $path): void
+	{
+		if (!$this->manifest->has($path)) {
+			return;
+		}
+
+		$classes = $this->manifest->remove($path);
+		$this->invalidateClasses($classes);
+		foreach ($classes as $class) {
+			$this->changeSet?->addRemovedClass($class);
+		}
+
+		$this->changeSet?->addRemovedFile($path);
+	}
+
+	private function syncLegacyState(): void
+	{
+		$this->files = array_keys($this->manifest->all());
+		$this->fileMtimes = [];
+		foreach ($this->manifest->all() as $path => $entry) {
+			$this->fileMtimes[$path] = (int)$entry['mtime'];
+		}
+	}
+
+	private function collectFiles(string $path, int $depth = 0): array
+	{
+		if ($depth > $this->config['max_depth']) {
+			return [];
+		}
+
+		$files = [];
+		try {
+			$dir = new DirectoryIterator($path);
+		} catch (Throwable) {
+			return [];
+		}
+
+		foreach ($dir as $item) {
+			if ($this->shouldSkipItem($item)) {
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			$realPath = $this->normalizePath($item->getRealPath() ?: $item->getPathname());
+			if ($item->isDir()) {
+				if ($this->shouldSkipDirectory($realPath)) {
+					continue;
+				}
+				if ($item->isLink() && !$this->config['follow_links']) {
+					continue;
+				}
+				$files = array_merge($files, $this->collectFiles($realPath, $depth + 1));
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			if ($item->isFile() && in_array(pathinfo($realPath, PATHINFO_EXTENSION), $this->config['extensions'], true)) {
+				$files[] = $realPath;
+			}
+		}
+
+		return $files;
+	}
+
+	private function normalizePath(string $path): string
+	{
+		$resolved = realpath($path) ?: $path;
+		return str_replace('\\', '/', $resolved);
+	}
+
+	private function replayManifest(string $path, array $skipPaths = []): void
+	{
+		$skip = array_fill_keys(array_map([$this, 'normalizePath'], $skipPaths), true);
+		$prefix = rtrim($path, '/\\') . '/';
+
+		foreach ($this->manifest->paths($prefix) as $file) {
+			if (isset($skip[$file])) {
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			foreach ($this->manifest->getClasses($file) as $class) {
+				if (class_exists($class)) {
+					$this->analyzeClass($class);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	private function invalidateClasses(array $classes): void
+	{
+		foreach ($classes as $class) {
+			if (method_exists($this->container, 'forgetClass')) {
+				$this->container->forgetClass($class);
+			}
+		}
 	}
 }